What is GLP-1 and Its Role in Regulating Fasting Blood Sugar?
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gastric peptide hormone produced by L cells in the intestine in response to nutrient-sensing. This peptide plays a vital role in glucose metabolism and blood sugar regulation. Its secretion is triggered by postprandial (after meal) nutrient vasopressin, which stimulates transporters and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GLP-1 secretion is often lower in adults with obesity/overweight (OW) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Functions of GLP-1 and Its Benefits

- Glucose-dependent insulin secretion: GLP-1 stimulates insulin release after meals in a glucose-dependent manner.
- Slowing gastric emptying: GLP-1 slows down the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine, reducing carbohydrate absorption and delaying postprandial glucose peaks.
- Appetite suppression: GLP-1 helps reduce hunger by signaling fullness to the brain;